Suatu hari, saya menonton dokumenter Explained pada aplikasi Netflix. Salah satu episodenya membahas sejarah tanda seru, mulai dari pencetusan, pemakaian, popularitas, hingga anggapan beberapa ahli tentang ketidakgunaan tanda seru. Tanda seru lambat laun banyak digunakan oleh pelaku industri periklanan untuk mendongkrak pemasaran dan penjualan produk.
Seiring dengan maraknya penggunaan tanda seru, muncullah satu tanda baru, yakni “?!”. Tentu kita pernah melihat tulisan yang diakhiri dengan tanda tersebut, apalagi pada dialog-dialog film atau buku sastra. Bahkan, di media sosial, orang-orang banyak menggunakan “?!” untuk mengungkapkan pertanyaan yang bernada tinggi. Bagaimana awal kemunculan tanda ini?
Tanda baca tersebut bernama interrobang atau interobang. Ada dugaan kuat bahwa interobang dicetuskan pertama kali pada 1962, oleh Martin K. Speckter, seorang eksekutif dalam agensi periklanan. Pada mulanya, interrobang yang merupakan gabungan antara tanda tanya (interrogative) dengan tanda seru (exclamation/bang) ditulis ditulis dengan “‽”. Di situ, tanda seru dan tanya terlihat lebur menjadi satu. Lama-kelamaan, tanda tersebut ditulis dengan simbol “?!”. Bahkan saat ini interobang juga diwakili melalui simbol “!?”, “?!?” atau “!?!”.
Menurut Speckter, interobang, secara tipografi, adalah tanda yang fasih untuk mengakhiri sebuah pernyataan dengan ekspresi keheranan dan antusiasme. Interobang pun mampu berdiri sebagai penanda rasa girang pada sebuah pertanyaan. Selain itu, tanda ini bisa juga mewakili pertanyaan retoris. Perhatikan contoh di bawah ini.
- Wah, lihat! Aku diterima di Oxford?!
- Siapa yang jadi juara Piala Dunia?!
- Jadi, hari ini kamu bolos sekolah?!
Kemunculan interobang pada waktu itu disambut baik oleh penulis dan pembaca Amerika. Interobang pun dimasukkan ke dalam huruf populer di Amerika dan disertakan sebagai tombol pada beberapa mesin tik. Bahkan, definisi interrobang telah tercatat di dalam kamus. Sementara itu, KBBI V belum merekam kata ini, meskipun tanda interobang terus-menerus digunakan oleh penuturnya.
Rujukan:
- Klein dan Posner (Kreator). 2018. !. Vox Media. Amerika. 15 menit.
- Nordquist, Richard. 2020. “Interrobang (Punctuation)“. Diakses pada 11 Maret 2021.
- Stinson, Liz. 2015. “The Secret History of the Hashtag, Slash, and Interrobang”. Diakses pada 11 Maret 2021.
Penulis : Yudhistira
Penyunting : Dessy Irawan
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